What is the menstrual cycle?

The menstrual cycle refers to a monthly cycle of hormonal changes that occur in a woman's body, preparing it for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically lasts about 28 days but can vary between individuals. During this time, the body undergoes several phases, including the follicular phase, ovulation, luteal phase, and menstruation. These phases involve the regulation of hormones such as estrogen and progesterone, which contribute to the thickening of the uterine lining, ovulation, and shedding of the endometrium if pregnancy does not occur.

Understanding the menstrual cycle is crucial for recognizing how hormonal fluctuations can influence various aspects of health and fertility. It establishes the rhythm of reproductive activities and is essential for planning for a potential pregnancy or identifying any irregularities that could signify health issues. Thus, the description of the menstrual cycle as a monthly cycle of hormonal changes accurately captures its essence.