What is the primary function of the placenta during pregnancy?

The primary function of the placenta during pregnancy is to provide nutrients and oxygen to the fetus. This organ forms a critical interface between the maternal and fetal blood supplies, allowing for the exchange of essential substances. The placenta is equipped with specialized structures that enable the transfer of glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals from the mother's bloodstream to nourish the developing fetus. It also facilitates the exchange of gases, ensuring that oxygen is supplied to the fetus while carbon dioxide is removed.

In addition to nutrient and gas exchange, the placenta plays a role in hormonal regulation and acts as a barrier to certain harmful substances; however, its main purpose revolves around supporting fetal growth and development by supplying the necessary resources. This vital role underscores the significance of a healthy placenta for a successful pregnancy.