What is the role of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the female reproductive system?

Luteinizing hormone (LH) plays a critical role in the female reproductive system, particularly in the process of ovulation. During the menstrual cycle, an increase in LH levels signals the ovaries to release a mature egg from a follicle—this event is known as ovulation.

LH is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, and its surge is essential for triggering the final maturation of the ovarian follicle and the subsequent release of the oocyte. This is part of the complex hormonal regulation that includes the interplay of other hormones like follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estrogen.

While LH is also involved in maintaining the corpus luteum after ovulation, its primary function highlighted in this context is its role in initiating ovulation, making option B the correct choice. Understanding the significance of this surge in LH helps explain its pivotal position in female fertility and reproductive health.